A.2. Head of State

The President shall have the power to make cease-fire agreements, armistices, and truces involving the military use of force by the United States. By and with the advice and consent of the Senate, the President may also make treaties, provided two-thirds of the voting Senators concur.

The President may withdraw from treaties, provided the treaty allows withdrawal, but only after receiving a two-thirds majority vote from the Senate to confirm the action.

To obtain advice on treaty negotiations, the President must notify the Leader of the Senate, who will convene a randomly chosen advisory group of five percent of the Senate. The group will confer confidentially with the President to define broad negotiation guidelines, which will be sealed and recorded. After negotiation, the Senate shall receive the treaty text and the advisory guidelines, which must then be made public. The Senate will then have twenty (20) days to review and vote. The President is not bound to follow the guidelines, but the full Senate may use them to evaluate the treaty.

The Consent Panel must be convened within two days of the President’s notification and conclude its deliberations within four days.

The President may receive ambassadors and other foreign diplomats and may recognize other governments, persons, or organizations with de facto or formal power. The President has the responsibility to declare whether such recognition implies legitimacy.