C.2(a). Power to Hold Federal Office

Citizens have the Power to seek and hold Federal office, subject to the qualifications established by this Charter. No Federal office, whether elected or appointed, may impose a religious test of any kind as a condition of eligibility

Citizens can hold federal office. This obviously includes elected office. It’s important to note, though, that there are a lot of appointed elected offices (as opposed to career public-service jobs). Judges, cabinet members, U.S. Attorneys, and so on are appointed to federal offices. These aren’t mere jobs. They are positions of civic trust. Only citizens have the power to hold those offices.

The Charter also imposes an absolute bar on tests of faith as a condition of office. You don’t have to be Christian. You don’t have to be an atheist. You don’t have to believe in the Flying Spaghetti Monster. If you otherwise qualify for the office, then you are qualified, and that’s it.